Create Company Code – OX02

Company code is the central organizational unit used for financial accounting purposes. This is the most important organizational unit in SAP (without which FI cannot be implemented). Every legal entity is created as a company code in SAP. This is the central organizational unit to which all other organizational units of other modules will be assigned.

Examples of dependency to other modules

  • Plants of MM Module assigned to company code
  • Sales organization of SD is assigned to company code
  • Personnel area of HR is assigned to company code
All financial postings in SAP are done with reference to the company code.
SPRO > Enterprise Structure > Definition > Financial Accounting > Define, Copy, Delete, Check Company Code
OX02
The smallest organizational unit for which a complete self-contained set of accounts can be drawn up for the purposes of external reporting. The process of external reporting involves recording all relevant transactions and generating all supporting required for financial statements (balance sheets, profit and loss statements and so on.)

Define a Company

Company: Smallest organizational unit for which individual financial statements can be drawn up according to the relevant commercial law. A company can consist of one or more company codes.

A company is generally used in the legal consolidation module to roll up financial statements of several Company-Codes. A company can consist of one or more Company-Codes. It is important to make the distinction that a Company is NOT the same as a Company-Code.

Company code links – What is a company code? Company code Configuration


Menu Path:

SAP Reference IMG -> Enterprise Structure -> Definition -> Financial Accounting -> Define Company

Click on “New entries”

Enter the details for the fields listed below:
Company (Enter a six-character alphanumeric identifier)
Company Name
Name of your Organization
Street Street Address
Postal Code / ZIP
City
Country US
Language Key EN
Currency USD


Click on SAVE

A notification screen pops up showing that your request was carried out. Click on “Enter” to continue on the pop up screen showing compliance of request




At the bottom of the screen in the “Status Bar” another message is given showing that the Data was saved.

What is Company Code?

Company Code is a unique four alphanumeric characters that represents an independent and legal accounting entity. It’s the smallest and minimum necessary organizational structure in SAP that required by law to provide a set of financial reports (such as Balance Sheet and Profit/Loss Statements). In the real world, a company code can be a company of a corporate group. In an SAP client, there can be one or several company codes. The general ledger is kept at company code level. For consolidation process in SAP EC module, a company code must be assigned to a company. A company can comprise one or more company codes.

With SAP FI module, we can generate the financial reports of a company code. A company code’s financial reports are used for external purpose, such as for external auditors, shareholders/stock exchange commission, tax office, etc.

Company code is one of the two main organizational units of SAP FI module. The other one is Business Area. Business areas are used for internal purpose, such as for company’s management. Business areas represent separate areas of operation within one or some companies. With business areas, for example, SAP can generate financial reports of a specific regional area of a company.

Let’s say ABC company has one company code in USA (and several company codes in the whole world). With company code, SAP can only generate one set of financial reports for USA office. But, with business areas (depends on how it configured), SAP can generate sets of financial reports per state in the USA. By doing so, the management can analyze the performance of each branch in each state better. It gives more useful information that can be used in decision making process. The use of Business Areas is optional in SAP FI module.All SAP transactions that have impact to the financial reports from all SAP modules (such as FI, MM, HR, etc) will generate accounting journals in company code’s general ledger.

The transaction can determine the company code involved either from the user input for the company code (such as in FI module) or from other organizational unit that related to the company code (such as in MM module, company code can be determined from the plant that input by user).

In MM module (Logistics), each plant must be assigned to a company code. A company code can have several plants.

A plant can also be assigned to a business area. A business area can be assigned to several plants.
Material valuation can be set at company code level or plant.

SAP FICO Company code configuration
SPRO path for company code creation

In short :
This is used for the consolidation purposes in SAP
Creation of a company is optional in SAP and is mandatory if ECCS is used
Company is used in ECCS( Enterprise Controlling Consolidation System) Module of SAP for consolidation purposes
Company can be assigned to one or more company codes
Creation of Company SPRO > Enterprise Structure > Definition > Financial Accounting >
Maintain Company
OX15

How to became FI/CO Consultant

Month 1
Step 1 : Watch SAP Computer Based Training Video SAP
System Management – System Administration Basic & SAP System
Management – System Administration Basic Advanced User + CCMS
Step 2 : Study And Practice The Training Manual (9 set)
Step 3 : Watch SAP Computer Based Training Video Shipping
Clerk, SOP and Structure OP
Step 4 : Study And Practice The Training Manual AA, AP,
AR, CO-CCA, CO-IO, COPA, CO-PC and GL

Month 2
Step 5 : Walk Through SAP Q&A Material
Step 6 : Browse Configuration Quick Notes
Step 7 : Study The SAP Real-Life Blueprint Documentation
(AA, AP, AR, CO dan GL)

Month 3
Step 8 : Study The FI/CO Popular Interview Questions And
Answers
Step 9 : Tips To Behave Like An Experienced Consultant In
The Job With Other Consultants
Step 10 : Repeat All The Above Steps For Once
Step 11 : Now Consider Yourself As An Experienced SAP
Consultant And Start Applying For A SAP Job Using Our SAP FI/CO

Sample Resume!

“If you are struggling in FI module in front of others just tell
them you have been so busy with CO module for quite sometime that
you forget some of the FI module functions. If you are struggling in
CO module instead, tell them the other way around. This is a very
valid reason in SAP workplace which are even used by senior
consultants”

“Talk about the limitations on previous versions of SAP like 4.6c
and 3.0. This will give an impression that you have been in the
industry for quite sometime working with older versions of SAP. One
popular limitation in 3.0 is the menu style which is not the tree
view. It is like the conventional menu which appears on top of the
screen.”

Create Sales Order

Menu:

Logistics -> Sales and Distribution -> Sales -> Order -> Create

Transaction Code

VA01; VA03

In screen “Create Sales Order: Initial Screen”

Enter Order Type, Sales Organization, Distribution Channel and Division

The next screen is : “Create Standard Order: Overview”

Enter Sold-to party, PO number, Material, Order Quantity, Payment terms and Pricing Terms

To see the header data of the sales document, choose Goto -> Header -> Sales

Save and this is done…

SIMPLE DOCUMENTS

1) Document header contains: Document and posting date, Doc, header text, company code, Reference no, etc.

2) For each FI transaction code (E.g. Invoice, Credit memo, G/L entry – F-02) you can define a document type and default posting key. (You can over write these default values while entering document.)

3) In Enjoy transactions : while entering customer/vendor Invoice/Cr.Memo transactions Vendor/Customer (Business partner) master data can also displayed along side the a/c name, address and bank details, and open line items can be accessed by pressing “Open Items” button. Entry screen also contains a/c balance display.

4) In Enjoy transactions via “Tree” you can access screen variants, a/c assignment templates and held documents at the left side of the screen.

5) You can enter explanatory text for line items with “*” in front of the text so as to print this text in dunning notices and payment advice notes.

6) In customizing you can define text templates under 4 digit key, these text templates are copied into line item when you enter the relevant key (E.g. DP = “DOWN PAYMENT”). While entering 4 digit key “=” needs to be entered before the key.

IMG:FI A/cing>Doc>Line Item>Define texts for line items.

POSTING AUTHORISATION

IMG: FI.A/cing> F.A.Global settings>Document>Doc Item> Define tolerance groups for Employees.

1) The maximum amounts are defined per company code in “TOLERANCE GROUP”. (This is also where the payment processing of payment differences is controlled)

2) In the tolerance groups you can enter Upper limits for the following :

i) Total amount per document. (The posting amount is the total of all debit items or, similarly, the total of all credit items.)

ii) Amount per customer/vendor item. (Limit is per customer, one document with more than one customer/vendors can be entered) The restriction does not apply to automatically created line items, for example, during payment settlements.

iii) Cash discount – which user with this tolerance group is able to grant.

3) If a user is not assigned to any special tolerance group, then entries in the tolerance group “___” (blank) are valid for them. (This is default tolerance group)

POSTING PERIODS

IMG: FI.A/cing> F.A.Global settings>Document>Posting Periods> Open and close posting periods.

1) Several Company codes can use same posting period variant.
2) The SAP system automatically determines the posting period and fiscal year based on the posting date entered. (Only special period needs to be manually changed)
3) The posting period variant is assigned to the company code.
4) Posting periods are defined in the fiscal year variant, Closing/opening posting period are carried out in posting period variant.
5) The posting period variant must contain at least the account type “+”.
6) During year closing, two period intervals (Normal and special periods) must be open at the same time.
7) In the document header, the periods assigned to the account type “+” are checked with posting date, whether posting period is open for that date or closed. At the line item level, the system checks the account type of the posting key to ensure that the period is open for the assigned account type.

DOCUMENT STRUCTURE / CONTROL

1) A document is saved for every posting. Every Document is uniquely identified by the Document Number, Company Code and Fiscal Year.

2) A Document contains Document header + 2 to 999 line items.

3) Document Type : Controls the Document header and classify the business transactions to be posted.

>> Posting Key : Controls the Line items.

4) Document types are defined at client level. Document types define the following:

a) Number ranges for Document number.

b) Account types permitted for postings. And also

c) The field status of “document header Text” and “Reference number” in the Document header.

d) Whether the invoices are posted with net procedure.

5) Standard Document types are :

KR – Vendor Invoice DR – Customer Invoice.

KG – Vendor Cr.Memo. DG – Customer Cr.Memo.

KZ – Vendor Payment DZ – Customer Payment.

AB – General Document SA – G/L a/c posting.

6) Document numbers can have internal or external number assignment.

7) Up to a future fiscal year – Number range will continue irrespective of year end.

For each fiscal year – At the start of a new year the system starts the number assignment again at the start of the number range. (You need to define number range for every new fiscal year)

8) The document number range must not over lap.

9) Document type AB allows postings to all account types.

10) One number range can be assigned to several document types.

11) Posting keys are defined at client level.

12) Posting keys control:

i) On which type of account the line item can be posted to

ii) The item is posted as a Debit or Credit.?

iii) The field status of additional fields.

In addition to this posting key specifies the following:

>> Whether line item is connected to payment transaction or not.

>> Whether posting is sales relevant.

13) Document line item fields are controlled by :

a) G/L Account specific field status group assigned to the G/L account while creating. (Account specific field status groups are summarized under field status variant which is assigned to company code) If the document is posted to a sub ledger a/c, the field status group of the reconciliation a/c is used.

b) Posting key specific field status group.

(The field status HIDE cannot be combined with the field status REQUIRED entry which causes an error.)

14) Document type does not have default posting key or vise versa. For each FI transaction (E.g. Invoice, Credit memo, Out going payment) you can define a document type and default posting key at:

IMG:FI A/cing>F.A.Global Settings>Document>Default values for document processing>Default values.

(E.g. When posting outgoing invoices, you use the document type “DR” and

posting key “01”. You can store these specifications in the system. They

are proposed by the system when you call up the corresponding

transaction).

SAP FI/CO Interview and Certification Questions – Part 5

Organizational Units

1. Select the correct statements

a) The controlling area is the highest reporting level for profitability analysis
b) Data for overhead cost controlling is extracted from the operating concern
c) Product cost controlling extracts data from the controlling area
d) The business area is an organizational unit within financial accounting
e) Profit center accounting is a component of overhead cost controlling

2. Which of the following statements are true or false

a) The controlling area currency must be defined as the group currency
b) Company codes assigned to the same controlling area must have the same operational chart of accounts
c) Profit center accounting extracts data from the controlling area
d) The product cost controlling component enables you to calculate the minimum price at which a product can be profitably marketed
e) Profitability analysis is used to evaluate external market segments

Master Data

3. Select the correct statement(s)

a) Cost centers are assigned to the standard hierarchy through the master record
b) Cost centers can be assigned to any level in the standard hierarchy
c) Cost center categories enable you to assign the same characteristics to similar cost centers
d) All primary cost elements have a one to one relationship with the general ledger expense accounts
e) Secondary cost elements can only be created and used within controlling

4. Which of the following statements are true or false

a) All activity types can be used with all cost centers
b) An activity type allows you to allocate costs from FI according to tasks that were performed by other departments
c) Statistical key figures can be defined as either a fixed value or a totals value
d) Master data that can be grouped together include controlling areas and operating concerns
e) Activity types cannot be grouped like cost centers, cost elements and statistical key figures

Transaction Based Postings

5. Select the correct statements

a) Document numbering is defined according to the grouping of controlling transactions
b) When posting to a cost center and true order, the posting to the cost center becomes statistical
c) Profit center postings can be true postings if the indicator is selected in the master record
d) Postings to cost centers primarily arise out of transaction based postings in FI
e) When posting a transaction within FI, only one true object and one statistical object can be selected

6. Which of the following statements are true or false

a) Default cost centers can be specified in the cost element master record
b) Default cost elements can be specified in the cost center master record
c) Profit centers defaulted from the cost center master record, when posting an expense in FI can be changed in the document
d) Default values from customizing take preference over default values from the master records
e) Line items that are reposted in CO update the cost center in the original document in FI

Period-end Closing 

7. Select the correct statement(s)

a) Costing sheets are defined for the percentage method of the accrual calculation
b) Periodic reposting is performed when costs are manually reposted from one cost center to another according to a specific statistical key figure
c) The assessment cycle allows for the collection of both primary and secondary costs, and reposts the values using the original cost elements
d) Distribution is the method by which primary costs are reposted using the original cost elements
e) Allocation structures assigned to the distribution cycle allow for the grouping of cost elements and repost using secondary cost elements

8. Which of the following statements are true or false

a) The reconciliation ledger allows for the reconciliation of CO components
b) The period lock must be set for both plan and actual data
c) The period lock is automatically set when the FI period is closed
d) An overhead structure is assigned to a costing sheet
e) The results of an assessment can be reviewed in the cost center – actual/ plan/ variance report
Planning

9. Select the correct statement(s)

a) Planning profiles are defined with header rows and lead columns
b) Multiple planning layouts can be assigned to a single planning profile
c) Distribution keys can only be used when planning for a single period at a time
d) Planning using activity types can only be performed if the statistical key figures are planned as well
e) Activity dependant planning means planning with the use of an activity type

10. Which of the following statements are true or false

a) In order to transfer planned data from HR, a valid employee master record must exist along with a valid cost center, and the two records must be linked
b) Plan distribution allows for the distribution of secondary costs
c) It is not possible to perform planning using statistical key figures
d) It is possible to copy actual data to planning data as long as the planning version has been created first
e) All controlling objects are automatically transferred when one plan version is copied over to another

Internal Orders

11. Select the correct statement(s)

a) All internal orders must be created according to a specific order type
b) Four categories of internal orders exist namely overhead, investment, financial and revenue orders
c) Statistical orders are used for reporting purposes only
d) Accrual orders allow for the raising of accruals on the order itself
e) Internal orders are company code specific and must reference a profit center in the internal order master record

12. Which of the following statements are true or false

a) Orders cannot be grouped like cost centers and cost elements
b) Substitution rules are used for mass maintenance to internal orders
c) A commitment can be raised on an order when a purchase order or purchase requisition is created
d) A settlement procedure must be specified for all order types
e) An allocation structure allows you to determine whether cost elements must be grouped together and settled using a specific cost element, or if the original cost element can be used for the settlement of true order values